Carbon steel
Carbon steel is also called carbon steel, which refers to iron carbon alloy with a carbon content of less than 2%.
In addition to carbon -containing carbon steel, it also contains a small amount of silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus.
According to use, carbon steel can be divided into three types: carbon structure steel, carbon tool steel and easy -cutting structure steel. Carbon structure steel is divided into two types: building structure steel and machine manufacturing structure steel;
According to the smelting method, it can be divided into flat furnace steel, turntable steel and electric furnace steel;
It can be divided into boiling steel (F), sedative steel (Z), semi -sedan steel (B), and special sedative steel (TZ);
According to the carbon content, carbon steel can be divided into low-carbon steel (WC ≤ 0.25%), medium-carbon steel (WC0.25%-0.6%) and high carbon steel (WC> 0.6%);
According to phosphorus and sulfur content, carbon steel can be divided into ordinary carbon steel (high phosphorus, high sulfur), high -quality carbon steel (low phosphorus, low sulfur), and high -quality high -quality steel (lower phosphorus, lower sulfur) and Special high -quality steel.
Generally, the higher the carbon content in carbon steel, the greater the hardness, the higher the strength, but the lower plasticity.
Stainless steel
Stainless acid -resistant steel is referred to as stainless steel. It is composed of two parts: stainless steel and acid -resistant steel. In short, steel that can resist atmospheric corrosion is called stainless steel, and steel is called acid -resistant steel that can resist chemical media. Rust steel is high -alloy steel with more than 60 % of iron as the basis to add alloy elements such as chromium, nickel, and molybdenum.
When the chromium content in steel exceeds 12 %, steel is not easy to corrode and rust in air and dilute nitric acid. The reason is that chromium can form a very close chrome oxide film on the surface of the steel, which effectively protects steel from being corroded. The chromium content in stainless steel generally exceeds 14 %, but stainless steel is not absolutely not rusty. In places with severe pollution in coastal areas or some air pollution, when the chlorine ion content in the air is large, there may be some rust spots on the surface of the stainless steel exposed in the atmosphere, but these rust spots are limited to the surface and will not erode the internal substrate of stainless steel.
Generally speaking, steel with a lot of WCR is greater than 12%of the characteristics of stainless steel. Stainless steel can be divided into five categories according to the micro -tissue after heat treatment: that is, the iron stainless steel, martensite stainless steel, and Austeen stainless steel , Austenitic-Ironol Stainless Steel and Settlement of Carbonized Stainless Steel.
Stainless steel is usually divided into:
1. Erotin stainless steel. Chromium -containing 12 % to 30 %. Its corrosion resistance, toughness, and weldability are increased with the increase of chromium content. The stress corrosion resistance of chloride resistance is better than other types of stainless steel.
2. Austenite stainless steel. Chromium -containing is greater than 18 %, and it also contains about 8 % nickel and small amounts of molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen and other elements. Good comprehensive performance, which can resist various media corrosion.
3. Austenitic -ferrite bilateral stainless steel. Both the advantages of the austenitic and ferrite stainless steel and have super plasticity.
4. Matrier stainless steel. High strength, but poor plasticity and weldability.
The difference between carbon steel and stainless steel:
1. Different colors: there are more stainless steel chromium and nickel metals, and the appearance of color is bright and bright. Carbon steel is mainly carbon and iron alloy. There are fewer other metal elements. The main color of the appearance is the color of iron, and the color will be much darker.
2. Different lines: Stainless steel contains more other metal elements, smooth surfaces, carbon steel with iron carbon NIA, iron essence, and no stainless steel smooth surface.
3. Different magnetic properties: Carbon steel surface is magnetic and can be adsorbed by magnets. Stainless steel is not magnetic under normal circumstances and will not be adsorbed by magnets.
4. Different carbon elements: Carbon steel mainly refers to the mechanical performance depends on the carbon content of steel, and generally does not add a large amount of alloy metal element steel. Among them, the carbon content WC is less than 2%. In order to maintain corrosion resistance, stainless steel contains carbon content. Both are low, and the maximum does not exceed 1.2%.
5. Different alloy content: Carbon steel contains very few alloy elements, only a small amount of silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus. Stainless steel contains more golden elements, and the main chromium nickel element exceeds 12%.
6. Different corrosion resistance: Carbon steel contains less alloy elements, weak corrosion resistance, stainless steel contains more chromium nickel metals, and has strong corrosion resistance.
